Last updated: June 8, 2026
The single biggest hidden risk in fixed indexed annuity (FIA) buying isn't the cap rate at purchase. It's the renewal rate at year 3, year 5, year 10. Cap rates RENEW annually within contract minimums. The carrier you choose at issue is the carrier you live with for 10-15 years. Which carriers actually keep their cap rates competitive on in-force contracts?
This is the question most buyers don't ask, and the one most agents won't answer. Here's the independent research.
The best MYGA, CD and savings rates change every few weeks. Get a short email when a rate on this page changes.
We’ll email you when a rate on this page changes. Hans Goldstein · NPN 20602398.
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Industry consensus on carriers with the most consistent in-force renewal rate track records:
Carriers to avoid for renewal-rate risk (without explicit history disclosure):
CD vs MYGA, after tax
Rates used: CD 5.00%, the top nationally available 5-year CD (Bankrate, October 14, 2026); change it to the rate you are offered. MYGA 5.95%, the best A-rated rate we track as of October 13, 2026: Delaware Life Pinnacle Plus 5-year (AM Best A-, negative outlook, 7/31/2026), $100,000 and up, effective October 6, 2026 (Delaware Life rate sheet).
| CD, interest taxed every year | $121,081 |
|---|---|
| MYGA, tax-deferred, before tax | $133,507 |
| MYGA after paying tax on all the interest at withdrawal | $126,136 |
| Tax deferral alone adds about | $674 |
| MYGA ahead of the CD, after tax | $5,055 |
Assumes 22% federal and 0% state income tax, no withdrawals, rates held for the whole term. MYGA interest is taxed as ordinary income when you withdraw it, not as capital gains. Gains taken before age 59 1/2 can owe a 10% IRS penalty, and cashing out early can cost a surrender charge. In an IRA both grow tax-deferred, so the edge there is the rate alone. Bank and credit union deposits are FDIC or NCUA insured up to the limits; a MYGA is backed by the issuing insurer's claims-paying ability and your state's guaranty association up to its limits, not the FDIC. General education, not tax, legal or financial advice.
Two FIA products quoted today:
| Product | Year 1 Cap | Year 5 Cap (in-force history) | Year 10 Cap (typical) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carrier A (consistent) | 8.0% | 7.5% | 6.5% |
| Carrier B (cap cutter) | 9.5% | 5.0% | 3.0% |
At year 1, Carrier B looks better (9.5% vs. 8.0%). At year 10, Carrier A has paid you dramatically more despite the lower headline cap at purchase.
The 1.5 percentage point cap advantage at sale evaporates by year 3. The buyer who picked Carrier B based on the headline number has now lost meaningful returns vs. Carrier A, and is locked in for another 5-10 years.
Carriers fund cap rate credits by buying S&P 500 call options with the yield from their bond portfolio. The cap they can offer is a function of:
The carriers that maintain caps: typically have stable bond portfolios + disciplined profit margin management + cultural commitment to in-force policyholders.
The carriers that cut caps: typically have shifting asset allocations + aggressive profit margin targeting + treat in-force books as profit centers.
| Carrier | AM Best | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Athene | A+ | Publishes detailed in-force renewal histories; consistent across products; Apollo-backed scale provides discipline. → Athene PEC 15 Plus Review |
| Allianz | A+ | Industry consensus #1 for mutual-carrier renewal discipline; Allianz 222 + Accumulation Advantage have strong track records. → Allianz 222 Review |
| Carrier | AM Best | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Nationwide | A+ | Mutual carrier discipline; Peak 10 + CareMatters II have stable renewal histories. → Nationwide Peak 10 Review |
| North American / Sammons Financial | A+ | Sammons-group culture consistently renews at competitive caps; Charter Plus 14 has strong track record. → North American Charter Plus 14 Review |
| American Equity | A | Among the strongest legacy FIA renewal track records; Brookfield Reinsurance acquisition 2024 adds institutional discipline. → American Equity Review |
| Pacific Life | A+ | Mutual carrier; Pacific Index Foundation has stable renewals. → Pacific Life Review |
| Carrier | AM Best | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Lincoln | A+ | OptiBlend has variable renewal history; less aggressive cap cutting than smaller carriers. → Lincoln OptiBlend Review |
| Prudential | A+ | SurePath relatively new; limited in-force history. |
| F&G | A | Has cut caps in some legacy products; current generation product unclear. → F&G Prosperity Elite Review |
| Brighthouse | A | Spun off from MetLife 2017; limited standalone operating history. → Brighthouse Shield Level Review |
| Carrier | AM Best | Why |
|---|---|---|
| SILAC | B | Top-of-market new-money caps; in-force renewal history less documented; current M&A (Hildene acquisition) adds operational risk. → SILAC Denali Review |
| EquiTrust | B++ | Top-of-market headlines; renewal track record requires verification. → EquiTrust SPIA Review |
| Various new entrants | Varies | Recent market entrants without 5+ year in-force history are highest-risk for renewal-rate cuts. |
The single best protection: demand the in-force renewal-rate history for the product you're being quoted. A carrier that's maintained competitive caps on existing contracts over 5+ years is much more trustworthy than one with no published data.
Six questions to ask your agent before signing any FIA:
If your agent can't answer questions 2-5 with documentation, you don't have enough information to buy the product yet.
The cap rate you see at purchase is the year-1 cap. It will renew. It can drop. The carrier you choose matters more than the headline number you're quoted.
Buyers who optimize for year-1 cap rate alone often lose to buyers who optimize for carrier renewal integrity over 10-15 years.
An annuity is an insurance contract. You pay a premium, in one lump sum or over time, and get one of three things back:
The carrier pays for these out of its bond portfolio and, for FIAs, an option budget that buys the index-linked credit.
Every annuity trades liquidity and growth for certainty. A SPIA gives the most certainty (income for life), but you give up access to the principal. An FIA protects the downside but caps the growth. A MYGA locks the rate but ties up the money for the term.
Q: Are annuities ever "good investments"?
A: Yes, when used for what they do well: income certainty, downside protection or a locked rate. They go wrong when sold for something else, like a SPIA pitched for "growth."
Q: What's the difference between immediate and deferred annuities?
A: An immediate annuity (SPIA) starts paying within 12 months of purchase. A deferred annuity grows for years before payments begin.
Q: Who regulates annuities?
A: State insurance commissioners. (RILAs are also FINRA-regulated as securities.)
Q: What's the state guaranty fund limit?
A: Usually $250,000 to $300,000 per owner per carrier, depending on the state. Splitting a large purchase across carriers keeps each piece inside the limit.
Q: How do I compare annuities side-by-side?
A: Compare the carrier's ratings (AM Best, S&P, Moody's, Fitch, Weiss, KBRA composite), the Goldstein Complexity Index, the carrier's renewal-rate record, its service, and how the structure fits what you need the money to do.
Q: When should I get a second opinion?
A: Before you sign any annuity over $50,000. An independent review costs nothing and can save you thousands.
Talk to Hans Goldstein, a licensed independent insurance producer.
A fixed indexed annuity ties up your money for 7 to 15 years. Cap rates renew annually and can drop. Income riders have separate benefit bases that aren't cash. Get an independent review before you commit your retirement savings to a multi-year contract.
Send your details. Within one business day you get a written review of your quote, a side-by-side with two alternatives, and a free 15-minute call if you want one.
Rather talk it through? Or book 15 minutes on Hans’s calendar, or call 213-414-2808.
Hans Goldstein · 213-414-2808 · NPN 20602398, independent licensed insurance producer appointed with multiple A-rated carriers
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This review is based on the carrier's public product materials and rates as of the date shown above. Annuity rates, caps, participation rates, payout factors, crediting methods, and long-term care benefit structures change often, sometimes monthly. Confirm current figures in the latest carrier disclosure and the contract before you buy. This is general education, not a personal recommendation or an offer of any product. Hans Goldstein is an independent licensed insurance producer (CA license 4273294, NPN 20602398) appointed with several A-rated carriers. His appointment with the carrier reviewed here may vary, and this review is not an endorsement. No carrier paid for this review. Always read the actual contract and consult a licensed advisor before purchasing any annuity or long-term care insurance product. Past index performance does not predict future credited interest. Annuities and hybrid life+LTC policies are long-term contracts with surrender charges; they are not suitable for funds you may need before the end of the surrender period. AM Best ratings and tax treatment are subject to change. Tax discussion of IRC §7702B, §1035, and the Pension Protection Act of 2006 reflects law as of 2026 and is subject to change.
The cap you are quoted on a fixed indexed annuity is not locked like a mortgage rate. It covers the first crediting period, usually one year. At each contract anniversary the carrier can reset it anywhere above the contract minimum.
It works much like a high-yield savings rate: the bank can lower that next month, and the carrier can lower your cap next year. The reason is how caps are funded. The carrier puts most of your premium in bonds and uses part of the yield to buy index options. When bond yields fall, that option budget shrinks and caps get cut. Caps were cut across the industry in the 2010-2021 low-rate years and came back after 2022.
Every FIA states a minimum guaranteed cap in the contract. Of the 99 FIAs we found that publish one, 86 let the insurer cut the cap to 1% or less, and some go as low as 0.25%. A few set 2% to 3%, and several insurers publish no number at all (FIA minimum cap data, checked October 4, 2026). Read that number before you sign.
If the agent can't answer questions 2 and 3 with documents, you don't have enough information to buy yet.
This is where most buyers get confused, and where a bad agent can hide things.
You only pay rider fees on riders you elected. A pure accumulation annuity with no income rider does not carry the 1%+ a year fee. Check which riders are on your contract before assuming fees apply.
Q: Is this annuity right for me?
A: It depends on your age, time horizon, and whether you need income later. The product is best for buyers 55 to 75 with a 10 to 15 year horizon, who don't need to touch the principal until then, and who want either accumulation (no income rider) or guaranteed lifetime income (income rider). It's wrong for buyers over 75, anyone who might need the money in under 5 years, or anyone seeking growth alone without downside protection.
Q: How does an annuity actually pay out?
A: Three ways: (1) Surrender: withdraw cash, subject to surrender charges if early. (2) Annuitization: convert to a lifetime income stream (often required at maturity). (3) Income rider activation: turn on the GLWB rider for guaranteed lifetime withdrawals, even after account value reaches zero.
Q: What happens if the carrier goes out of business?
A: State guaranty funds protect annuity owners, typically up to $250,000 to $300,000 per owner per carrier (varies by state). Check your state's guaranty association limit. The carrier's AM Best rating signals failure probability; A-rated carriers have very low historical default rates.
Q: Can I lose money in this annuity?
A: Principal is protected from market loss. Index credits can't go below 0%. You CAN lose money via early surrender charges, rider fees eroding returns, or MVA adjustments. You cannot lose money from a market downturn.
Q: How much commission does the agent make?
A: Typically 4% to 8% of premium for fixed indexed annuities, paid by the carrier (not from your money). Higher commission products often have longer surrender periods or smaller caps. The product cost to you is the same whether commission is high or low, but commission size is a useful proxy for product complexity.
Q: Should I roll over my 401(k) into an annuity?
A: Sometimes yes, often no. Yes if: you want guaranteed income, you're risk-averse, you have other liquid assets for emergencies, and you're 55+. No if: you're under 50, you need liquidity, you have plenty of pension/SS income, or you'd be putting all your retirement assets into one product. Get an independent second opinion before rolling over six figures.
Q: Why are caps so different across products?
A: Trade-offs. Higher cap = lower bonus, longer surrender, lower-rated carrier, or different index strategy. There's no free lunch. A 10%+ cap typically means B-rated carrier + 14-year surrender. A 6% cap typically means A+ carrier + shorter surrender.
Q: How are annuity earnings taxed?
A: Inside the contract, growth is tax-deferred (no tax until you withdraw). Withdrawals are taxed as ordinary income (not capital gains). For non-qualified annuities, only the gain portion is taxable. For qualified (IRA) annuities, the entire withdrawal is taxable. There's a 10% IRS penalty on withdrawals before age 59½.
Every annuity I review gets a complexity score from 0 to 100. Higher means harder to understand. Complexity is where buyers get hurt: riders they didn't know they were paying for, surrender charges that surprise them, and income "benefit bases" they took for cash. SPIAs and MYGAs score low. Products that stack a bonus, an income rider, an MVA and several crediting options score high.
One or two complications (a rider, a crediting choice). With a 30-min agent walkthrough, most buyers understand it.
| Dimension | Score (1-10) | What this measures |
|---|---|---|
| Riders | 5/10 | How many riders, optional or built in (income, death benefit, LTC). Each one adds cost and one more thing to understand. |
| Crediting strategies | 4/10 | How many index options (cap, spread, participation rate, step rate, volatility-controlled indices). More choices are harder to follow. |
| Surrender complexity | 5/10 | Length of the surrender period, plus any MVA and bonus recapture. The longer and more layered it is, the harder it is to know what leaving early costs. |
| Benefit-base separation | 4/10 | Whether there is a separate income base ("PIV") that is not cash but looks like it. This causes more buyer confusion than anything else. |
| Bonus structure | 3/10 | A premium bonus with a recapture schedule. The bonus is real, but you can lose part of it if you leave early. |
Why it matters: nobody gets sued for selling a complicated product, but buyers regret them all the time. An annuity that wins your money in year one and confuses you for the next 14 is worse than a simpler one you understood from the start. Simple products are easier to check.
Q: Is this annuity right for me?
A: It depends on your age, time horizon, and whether you need income later. The product is best for buyers 55 to 75 with a 10 to 15 year horizon, who don't need to touch the principal until then, and who want either accumulation (no income rider) or guaranteed lifetime income (income rider). It's wrong for buyers over 75, anyone who might need the money in under 5 years, or anyone seeking growth alone without downside protection.
Q: How does an annuity actually pay out?
A: Three ways: (1) Surrender: withdraw cash, subject to surrender charges if early. (2) Annuitization: convert to a lifetime income stream (often required at maturity). (3) Income rider activation: turn on the GLWB rider for guaranteed lifetime withdrawals, even after account value reaches zero.
Q: What happens if the carrier goes out of business?
A: State guaranty funds protect annuity owners, typically up to $250,000 to $300,000 per owner per carrier (varies by state). Check your state's guaranty association limit. The carrier's AM Best rating signals failure probability; A-rated carriers have very low historical default rates.
Q: Can I lose money in this annuity?
A: Principal is protected from market loss. Index credits can't go below 0%. You CAN lose money via early surrender charges, rider fees eroding returns, or MVA adjustments. You cannot lose money from a market downturn.
Q: How much commission does the agent make?
A: Typically 4% to 8% of premium for fixed indexed annuities, paid by the carrier (not from your money). Higher commission products often have longer surrender periods or smaller caps. The product cost to you is the same whether commission is high or low, but commission size is a useful proxy for product complexity.
Q: Should I roll over my 401(k) into an annuity?
A: Sometimes yes, often no. Yes if: you want guaranteed income, you're risk-averse, you have other liquid assets for emergencies, and you're 55+. No if: you're under 50, you need liquidity, you have plenty of pension/SS income, or you'd be putting all your retirement assets into one product. Get an independent second opinion before rolling over six figures.
Q: Why are caps so different across products?
A: Trade-offs. Higher cap = lower bonus, longer surrender, lower-rated carrier, or different index strategy. There's no free lunch. A 10%+ cap typically means B-rated carrier + 14-year surrender. A 6% cap typically means A+ carrier + shorter surrender.
Q: How are annuity earnings taxed?
A: Inside the contract, growth is tax-deferred (no tax until you withdraw). Withdrawals are taxed as ordinary income (not capital gains). For non-qualified annuities, only the gain portion is taxable. For qualified (IRA) annuities, the entire withdrawal is taxable. There's a 10% IRS penalty on withdrawals before age 59½.
Hans Goldstein is an Enrolled Agent, admitted to practice before the Internal Revenue Service. Not affiliated with or endorsed by the IRS. General education, not tax or legal advice for your situation.